These names have all been used denote a Bourdon pitched an octave lower, at 16' or 32'. Some, however, have alternate meanings: Contrabass This name is more commonly a synonym for Double Bass (a string). Adlung considered it a variety of Bourdon. Grand Bourdon This name also denotes a pedal mixture stop. Major Bass This name is also a synonym for Contra Principal. Audsley considered it to be stopped; Bonavia-Hunt and Wedgwood considered it to be open. Williams states that it was sometimes equivalent to a Coppel. Other authorities acknowledge the ambiguity of this name. Sub Bass According to Audsley, in England the Sub Bass could be open or stopped. Untersatz According to Grove and Williams, this name was used for large pipes placed below and behind the main chest (unter = "under"); these could be open or stopped pipes at 16' or 32'. Several of these names are mentioned only by Adlung, and no examples are known other than those cited by him. Here are his words regarding those names: Bordon-Subbass In the pedal this stop [Bordun] is found, for example, in the Görlitz organ, where it is called Bordun-Subbass, since it is of the same size as a Subbass and thus can indeed take its place. Grossholzflöt